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Baron Frédéric Alfred d'Erlanger (29 May 1868 – 23 April 1943[1]) was an Anglo-French composer, banker and patron of the arts. His father, Baron Frédéric Émile d'Erlanger, was a German[2] head of a French banking house.[3] His mother, Mathilde (née Slidell),[4] was an American.[1]


Life


One of four sons,[5] d'Erlanger was born in Paris.[2] (See: Erlanger family tree).

He began his musical studies in Paris under Anselm Ehmant,[1] his only teacher. His first work, a book of songs, was published when d'Erlanger was 20 years of age. Shortly afterwards, in 1886, he moved to London with his elder brother, Baron Emile Beaumont d'Erlanger, to work as a banker,[2] for the private banking firm that his father owned.[3] Both d'Erlanger and his brother became naturalised Englishmen.[3]

A millionaire,[6] d'Erlanger was described as a "genuine Renaissance man"; he was a noted patron of the arts in London, promoting and financing opera at Covent Garden and acting as a trustee of the London Philharmonic Orchestra.[7] He also invested in developing countries, financing department store chains in South America and railways in South Africa.[2] He was a founding member of the Oxford and Cambridge Musical Club.[8] "Baron Fred", as he was known, was a frequent participant in the regular Thursday musical soirées of the club.

The supplement to The London Gazette of 27 February 1918, in records of the partners in the firm Erlangers, records Baron Fred's home at that time as Park House, Rutland Gate, London. In 1925, d'Erlanger married Catherine, "a French woman of good family".[9]

Foundation stone of Merebank House, between Dorking and Horsham, dated 10 June 1932
Foundation stone of Merebank House, between Dorking and Horsham, dated 10 June 1932

In 1932, he put his name on the foundation stone of what was then the Musicians' House, later renamed Merebank House, in what was then fairly open countryside between Dorking and Horsham, constructed for the Musicians' Union (which he supported) as retirement home for five musicians.[10]

D’Erlanger's own home by then was at 4, Moorgate, but he actually died whilst staying at Claridges Hotel London, a favourite of his, on 23 April 1943, leaving £601,461 in his will. One of his two executors was his nephew, Leo Frederic Alfred d'Erlanger, son of Baron Fred's brother, the French painter Baron Rodolphe d'Erlanger. The other executor was a solicitor.


Music


D'Erlanger was really an amateur "gentleman composer" whose day job as a banker helped fund his interest in music.[11] He composed operas, chamber music, and orchestral works, among other types. The operas included Jehan de Saintré[1] (Aix-les-Bains, 1 August 1893; Hamburg, 1894), Inès Menso[2] (produced, under the pseudonym of Ferd. Regnal, in London at Covent Garden on 10 July 1897, and subsequently in Germany as Die Erbe); Tess[2] (after Thomas Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles[12]), produced at the Teatro di San Carlo, Naples, on 7 April 1906 and at Covent Garden on 14 July 1909, on both occasions under the baton of Ettore Panizza; and Noël, produced at the Paris Opéra-Comique on 28 December 1910. In 1935 his one act ballet Les cents baisers ("The Hundred Kisses") with a libretto by Boris Kochno, was produced by the Ballets Russes and choreographed by Bronislava Nijinska, with decor and costumes by Jean Hugo.[13] It was subsequently recorded by Antal Dorati and the London Symphony Orchestra.[14]

Orchestral works include the Suite symphonique No 2, first performed at the Proms on 18 September 1895,[15] and the Violin Concerto in D minor, op 17 (1902), first performed by Hugo Heermann in Holland and Germany, and then taken up by Fritz Kreisler for its British premiere at the Queen's Hall on 12 March 1903.[16] There was also the Andante symphonique Op 18 for cello and orchestra (1904), the symphonic prelude Sursum Corda! (1919) and the Concerto symphonique for piano and orchestra (1921),[17] as well as the choral Messe de Requiem of 1930, admired and performed by Adrian Boult.[1] An orchestral waltz, Midnight Rose became popular and was recorded by John Barbirolli in 1934.[16] The chamber music includes a String Quartet and the Violin Sonata in G minor (both 1900). The Piano Quintet was first performed a St James's Hall Piccadilly on 1 March 1902 by the Kruse Quartet, with d'Erlanger himself as pianist.[7]

Clearness of form and elegance of idea and expression are the distinguishing marks of d'Erlanger's music, whether in his operatic work, in his chamber and orchestral music, or in his songs.[1]


Selected compositions



Opera


In un sobborgo di Cholet (Maine-et-Loire). E' la notte di Natale, set design for Noël act 1 (undated).
In un sobborgo di Cholet (Maine-et-Loire). E' la notte di Natale, set design for Noël act 1 (undated).
Nel Wessex - La fattoria di Talbothays, set design for Tess act 3 (1906).
Nel Wessex - La fattoria di Talbothays, set design for Tess act 3 (1906).

Ballet



Concertante Works



Orchestral Works



Choral Works



Chamber Music



Piano Music



Lieder



References


  1. Schueneman, Bruce R.; Studwell, William Emmett (1997). Minor ballet composers: biographical sketches of sixty-six underappreciated yet significant contributors to the body of western ballet music. Routledge. pp. 32–33. ISBN 978-0-7890-0323-2.
  2. García-Márquez, Vicente (1990). The Ballets Russes: Colonel de Basil's Ballets Russes de Monte Carlo, 1932–1952. Knopf. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-394-52875-5.
  3. "Two veteran bankers". The Bankers' Magazine. 155: 348, 353. 1943.
  4. Davis, Ruth Frances (2004). Maʻlūf: reflections on the Arab Andalusian music of Tunisia. Scarecrow Press. p. 50. ISBN 978-0-8108-5138-2.
  5. McGuinness, Justin (2002). Tunisia handbook. Footprint Travel Guides. p. 464. ISBN 978-1-903471-28-9.
  6. O'Conner, Garry (1979). The pursuit of perfection: a life of Maggie Teyte. Atheneum. p. 116. ISBN 9780689109645.
  7. Foreman, Lewis: Notes to Dunhill & Erlanger: Piano Quintets, Hyperion CDA68296 (2020)
  8. Parker, C. (2003). "Papers of the Oxford and Cambridge Musical Club, 1899–1954". Oxford and Cambridge Musical Club. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
  9. Emerson, Maureen (2008). Escape to Provence. Escape to Provence. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-9558321-0-9.
  10. Anon. (1932), "Musicians’ Home : Foundation Stone Laid at Holmwood : A Picturesque Ceremony", The Dorking and Leatherhead Advertiser, June 1932.
  11. Barnard, Nick. Review of the Piano Quintet at MusicWeb International (October 2020)
  12. Banfield, Stephen; Block, Geoffrey Holden (2006). Jerome Kern. Yale University Press. p. 154. ISBN 978-0-300-11047-0. d'Erlanger tess.
  13. Irina Baronova and the Ballets Russes de Monte Carlo, by Victoria Tennant
  14. O'Connor, Patrick. Review in Gramophone
  15. Proms performance archive
  16. Foreman, Lewis. Notes to Cliffe and Elanger: Violin Concertos, Hyperion CDA67838 (2011)
  17. Wood, Sir Henry Joseph (1946). My life of music. Ayer Publishing. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-8369-5820-1.



На других языках

[de] Frédéric A. Baron d’Erlanger

Frédéric A. Baron d’Erlanger (ursprünglich Friedrich Alfred Freiherr von Erlanger; * 29. Mai 1868 in Paris; † 23. April 1943 in London) war ein in Frankreich geborener, später in England lebender anglo-französischer Bankier und Komponist mit angenommener britischer Staatsangehörigkeit deutsch-amerikanischer Abstammung. Er entstammte der deutsch-französisch-britischen Bankiersfamilie d’Erlanger.
- [en] Frédéric Alfred d'Erlanger


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