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Jean-Marie Leclair l'aîné (Jean-Marie Leclair the Elder) (10 May 1697 – 22 October 1764)[1] was a French Baroque violinist and composer. He is considered to have founded the French violin school. His brothers, the lesser-known Jean-Marie Leclair the younger (1703–77) as well as Pierre Leclair (1709–84) and Jean-Benoît Leclair (1714–after 1759), were also musicians.

Jean-Marie Leclair
Born
Jean-Marie Leclair l'aîné

(1697-05-10)10 May 1697
Died10 October 1764(1764-10-10) (aged 67)
Other namesThe Elder
Occupationviolinist, composer

Biography


Leclair was born in Lyon, but left to study dance and the violin in Turin. In 1716, he married Marie-Rose Casthanie, a dancer, who died about 1728. Leclair had returned to Paris in 1723, where he played at the Concert Spirituel, the main semi-public music series. His works included several sonatas for flute and basso continuo.

In 1730, Leclair married for the second time. His new wife was the engraver Louise Roussel, who prepared for printing all his works from Opus 2 onward. He was named ordinaire de la musique (Director of Music of the Chapel and the Apartments) by Louis XV in 1733, Leclair dedicated his third book of violin sonatas to the king.[2] Leclair resigned in 1736 after a clash with Jean-Pierre Guignon over control of the musique du Roi.[2]

Leclair was then engaged by the Princess of Orange – a fine harpsichordist and former student of Handel – and from 1738 until 1743, served three months annually at her court in Leeuwarden, working in The Hague as a private maestro di cappella for the remainder of the year. He returned to Paris in 1743. His only opera Scylla et Glaucus was first performed in 1746 and has been revived in modern times. From 1740 until his death in Paris, he served the Duke of Gramont, in whose private theatre at Puteaux were staged works to which Leclair is known to have contributed. They included, in particular, a lengthy divertissement for the comedy Les danger des épreuves (1749) and one complete entrée, Apollon et Climène, for the opéra-ballet by various authors, Les amusemens lyriques (1750).[3]

Leclair was renowned as a violinist and as a composer. He successfully drew upon all of Europe's national styles. Many suites, sonatas, and concertos survive along with his opera, while some vocal works, ballets, and other stage music are lost.


Murder


In 1758, after the break-up of his second marriage, Leclair purchased a small house in a dangerous Parisian neighborhood in the northern part of Le Marais near the old Temple, where he was found stabbed to death on October 23, 1764.[4] Although the murder remains a mystery, there is a possibility that his ex-wife may have been behind it—her motive being financial gain—although suspicion also rests on his nephew, Guillaume-François Vial.[5]


See also



List of works [6]



References


Notes
  1. M.D, Joseph W. Lewis, Jr (2010-04-23). What Killed the Great and Not So Great Composers?. Author House. ISBN 978-1-4520-3438-6.
  2. Butterfield, Adrian (June 2022). Leclair: Violin Sonatas, Book 3: Op. 5, Nos 9-12 (CD). Naxos. Naxos Catalog No. 8.574381.
  3. Pougin, p. 206; Sadler, p. 1118.
  4. "Jean – Marie Leclair (1697 – 1764) | early-music.com". Retrieved 2019-05-04.
  5. Borowitz, Albert (1986). "Finale Marked Presto: The Killing of Leclair". The Musical Quarterly. 72 (2): 228–238. doi:10.1093/mq/LXXII.2.228. ISSN 0027-4631. JSTOR 948121.
  6. Leconte, Thomas. "Catalogue des oeuvres de Jean-Marie Leclair". philidor.cmbv.fr.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. Catalogue of Leclair's works at Musicologie.org.
Bibliography



На других языках


[de] Jean-Marie Leclair

Jean-Marie Leclair l’aîné (der Ältere) (* 10. Mai 1697 in Lyon; † 22. Oktober 1764 in Paris) war ein französischer Komponist und einer der bekanntesten Violinisten seiner Zeit.
- [en] Jean-Marie Leclair

[es] Jean-Marie Leclair

Jean-Marie Leclair (Lyon, 10 de mayo de 1697 - París, 22 de octubre de 1764) fue un violinista y compositor francés del Barroco. Se le considera el fundador de la escuela francesa de violín.

[ru] Леклер, Жан-Мари

Жан-Мари́ Лекле́р (ста́рший; фр. Jean-Marie Leclair; 10 мая 1697, Лион — 22 октября 1764, Париж) — французский скрипач и композитор, основоположник французской скрипичной школы XVIII века[1].



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