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Yosa Buson or Yosa no Buson (与謝 蕪村, 1716 – January 17, 1784[1]) was a Japanese poet and painter of the Edo period. Along with Matsuo Bashō and Kobayashi Issa, Buson is considered among the greatest poets of the Edo Period. He is also known for completing haiga as a style of art,[2] working with haibun prose, and experimenting with a mixed Chinese-Japanese style of poetry.[3]

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Biography

Early life, training, and travels

Buson was born in the village of Kema in Settsu Province (present-day Kema, Miyakojima Ward, Osaka). His original family name was Taniguchi. Buson scarcely discussed his childhood, but it is commonly thought that he was the illegitimate son of the village head and a migrant worker from Yoza.[4] According to the Taniguchi family in Yosano, Kyoto, Buson was the son of a servant woman named Gen, who had come to work in Osaka and had a child with her master. A grave of Gen survives in Yosano. There is an oral tradition that the young Buson had been cared for at the Seyaku-ji temple in Yosano, and later, when Buson returned to Tango Province, he gave the temple a folding screen painting as a gift.[5]

Around the age of 20, Buson moved to Edo (present-day Tokyo). He learned poetry under the tutelage of the haikai master Hayano Hajin, who named the house he taught in Yahantei (Midnight Pavillion). After Hajin died, Buson moved to Shimōsa Province (present-day Ibaraki Prefecture). Following in the footsteps of his idol, Matsuo Bashō, Buson travelled through the wilds of northern Honshū that had been the inspiration for Bashō's famous travel diary, Oku no Hosomichi (The Narrow Road to the Interior). He published his notes from the trip in 1744, marking the first time he published under the name Buson.

After travelling through various parts of Japan, including Tango (the northern part of present-day Kyoto Prefecture) and Sanuki Province (present-day Kagawa Prefecture), Buson settled down in the city of Kyoto at the age of 42. Around this time, he began to write under the name of Yosa, which he took from his mother's birthplace (Yosa, Tango Province).[6]

Between 1754-1757, Buson worked on the collection of haiga-style picture scrolls, Buson yōkai emaki.[7]

Buson married at the age of 45 and had one daughter, Kuno. At the age of 51, he left his wife and children in Kyoto and went to Sanuki Province to work on many works.[8]

Later work and death

After returning to Kyoto again, he wrote and taught poetry at the Sumiya. As models for his pupils, he singled out four of Bashō's disciples: Kikaku, Kyorai, Ransetsu, and Sodō.[9] In 1770, he assumed the haigō (俳号, haiku pen name) of Yahantei II (夜半亭二世, "Midnight Studio"), which had been the pen name of his teacher Hajin.

Buson died at the age of 68 and was buried at Konpuku-ji temple in Kyoto.

The cause of death was previously diagnosed as severe diarrhea, but recent investigations indicate that it was myocardial infarction.[10]

His work is kept in many museums worldwide, including the Seattle Art Museum,[11] the Metropolitan Museum of Art,[12] the University of Michigan Museum of Art,[13] the Harvard Art Museums,[14] the Worcester Art Museum,[15] the Kimbell Art Museum,[16] and the British Museum.[17]

Sample poems

隅々に残る寒さや梅の花

Sumizumi ni nokoru samusa ya ume no hana

In nooks and corners

Cold remains:

Flowers of the plum

(translated by RH Blyth)[18]

Peony Petals

Peony petals

fall, two or three

on each other[4]

Other Hokku

the morning glory—

in each flower, the color

of a deep pool[19]

spring drizzle

barely enough to moisten

seashells on the beach[19]

Reception

Buson believed that poems should be natural, without strict rules or guidelines. His training in Yahantei had promoted a light-hearted approach that stressed individual style, rather than replicating the work of a master. Because of Buson’s lack of interest in the modern trends of his time in terms of poetry, his works were considered by some to be outdated.

Buson's paintings, on the other hand, were more widely accepted in his time. Painting was the main source of his income, so he could not afford to approach it as he did poetry.[3]

See also

• Buson yōkai emaki, emakimono by Buson

References

External links

• Bridge of dreams: the Mary Griggs Burke collection of Japanese art, a catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Yosa Buson (see index)

На других языках

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[de] Yosa Buson

Yosa Buson oder Yosa no Buson (japanisch 与謝 蕪村; * 1716 in Kema, Provinz Settsu, jetzt Stadtbezirk in Ōsaka; † 17. Januar 1784[1] in Kyōto) war ein japanischer Dichter und Maler der Edo-Zeit. Mit Matsuo Bashō, Kobayashi Issa und Masaoka Shiki gehört er zu den „Großen Vier“ der japanischen Haiku-Dichtkunst. Sein richtiger Nachname war Taniguchi. Ein Teil seines Werkes (mehr als 200 Haikus) wurde erst 2015 in einer bis dahin vergessenen Anthologie in der Zentralbibliothek von Tenri entdeckt.[2]

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- [en] Yosa Buson

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[es] Yosa Buson

Taniguchi Buson (谷口 蕪村, Taniguchi Buson?), más conocido como Yosa Buson (与謝蕪村, Yosa Buson?) (1716 - 17 de enero de 1784), nacido cerca de Osaka (Japón), fue uno de los grandes maestros del Haiku en el siglo XVIII y un distinguido pintor bunjinga japonés.

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[fr] Yosa Buson

Buson Yosa (与謝 蕪村, Yosa Buson?), né Buson Taniguchi (1716 – 25 décembre 1783[1]) et plus connu sous son seul nom Buson (蕪村?, littéralement « Village Rustique »), est un poète et un artiste-peintre japonais bunjin-ga du XVIIIe siècle (milieu de l'époque d'Edo). Il est considéré comme l'un des quatre maîtres classiques du haïku avec Bashō, Issa et Shiki.

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[it] Yosa Buson

Buson Yosa (与謝蕪村 Yosa Buson?; 1716 – 25 dicembre 1784) è stato un poeta e pittore giapponese.

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[ru] Ёса Бусон

Ёса Бусон, также Буссон, Еса, Эса, Тэсо, Пса, Танигути и др. псевдонимы (яп. 与謝蕪村; 1716 год, Кэма в провинции Сэтцу (сейчас это Миякодзима — один 24-х районов Осаки), Япония — 25 декабря 1783 года, Киото) — японский поэт XVIII века, мастер жанра «хайку», также известен как писатель, эссеист и художник. Наряду с Мацуо Басё и Кобаяси Иссой, Бусон считается одним из величайших японских поэтов периода Эдо.

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