music.wikisort.org - Poète

Fan Zhongyan (989-1052 ; chinois : 范仲淹 ; pinyin : Fàn Zhòngyān) est un homme politique et un lettré chinois de la dynastie Song. Administrateur du Shaanxi (陕西), il est nommé chancelier par les Song de 1040 à 1045 pour contrer la puissance montante des Xia. Il parvient à conclure la paix en 1044 au prix d'un important tribut en soieries, argent et thé. Avec le lettré Ouyang Xiu (欧阳修), il met en place les réformes de l'ère Qingli à partir de 1043, qui réorganisent l'administration, notamment celles des impôts. Il réforme également le système des examens et ouvre une école d'État à Kaifeng (开封) pour l'enseignement des textes anciens. Il doit quitter le pouvoir en 1045 devant l'opposition des conservateurs à ses réformes.

Parmi ses textes célèbres, on compte une "Note sur la Tour de Yueyang" (岳阳楼记 yuèyánglóu jì). Une traduction de cette note se trouve sur le site Sinoiseries[1].

Notes et références

• Portail du monde chinois
• Portail de la poésie
• Portail du Moyen Âge central

На других языках

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[en] Fan Zhongyan

Fan Zhongyan (5 September 989 – 19 June 1052) from Wu County of Suzhou (Jiangsu Province, China), courtesy name Xiwen (希文), ratified as the Duke of Wenzheng (文正公) posthumously, and conferred as Duke of Chu (楚國公) posthumously, was a Chinese poet, politician, philosopher, writer, military strategist, and one of the famous representative of Scholar-officials in ancient China. Fan was one of the most prominent figures of the Song dynasty (960 - 1279), an era when China possessed the world’s largest economy and population. After serving the central government for several decades, Fan rose to a seat of Prime Minister or Chancellor over the entire Chinese empire nearing the zenith of its pre-modern economic, social, and cultural development. Fan's philosophical, educational and political legacy is one that changed the course of the Chinese history, one so powerful that it continues to exert a profound impact on the Chinese civilization today, and his philosophy and writings remain a core component of the Chinese literary canon. While Fan spent the majority of his time governing China, his myriad deeds and teachings, well represented by his well-known saying "Be the first to bear the world's hardship, and the last to enjoy its comfort" (先天下之憂而憂，後天下之樂而樂), have served as an inspiration to the Chinese people for a thousand years. Fan is one of the most prominent members of the Fan family and is considered one of most renowned scholars of China, alongside the philosophers Confucius and Mencius.

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- [fr] Fan Zhongyan

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[ru] Фань Чжунъянь

Фань Чжунъя́нь (кит. трад. 范仲淹, пиньинь Fàn Zhòngyān; 989, уезд Усянь — 1052) — китайский государственный деятель и писатель эпохи Сун.

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