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Bernardo Pasquini (Massa e Cozzile, 7 December 1637 – Rome, 21 November 1710)[1] was an Italian composer of operas, oratorios, cantatas and keyboard music. A renowned virtuoso keyboard player in his day, he was one of the most important Italian composers for harpsichord between Girolamo Frescobaldi and Domenico Scarlatti, having also made substantial contributions to the opera and oratorio.

Bernardo Pasquini
Bernardo Pasquini

Biography


Bernardo Pasquini owned this portrait by Andrea Pozzo.
Bernardo Pasquini owned this portrait by Andrea Pozzo.

Pasquini was born in Massa in Val di Nievole (today Massa e Cozzile, in the province of Pistoia, Tuscany). He was a pupil of Mariotto Bocciantini in Uzzano (Pistoia). When he was 13, he moved to Ferrara with his uncle Giovanni Pasquini, where, at the age of 16, he would become the organist of Accademia della Morte and serve from 1653–55, a prestigious post that would later serve as a launching pad for his successors.[2]

He was quickly drawn to Rome, and, in 1657, he was appointed as the organist of Santa Maria in Vallicella (Chiesa nuova). In February 1664 he was appointed organist of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore and Santa Maria in Aracoeli. Finally, after ten years in Rome, in November 1667 he entered into a long period of service of the Borghese family, enjoying the patronage of Prince Giovanni Battista Borghese, and, from May 1693, his son and successor, Prince Marcantonio Borghese.[3]

As a composer and keyboard player, Pasquini collaborated on music performances for a host of famous patrons in Rome, such as cardinals Flavio Chigi, Benedetto Pamphilj, and the politically savvy Pietro Ottoboni.[4]

Queen Christina of Sweden played an important role in his career, and it was in her honour that his operas L'Alcasta (libretto by Giovanni Filippo Apolloni), and Il Lisimaco (libretto by Giacomo Sinibaldi) were performed respectively in 1673 and 1681.[5] His first opera for Queen Christina focused on the theme of just feminine revenge, and included an incredibly ornate dedication which compared the Queen to Alexander the Great.[6]

From 1671 until 1692, Pasquini wrote "no fewer than 16 operas, 15 oratorios and about 70 cantatas."[7] He composed numerous operas, all staged in Rome between 1672 and 1692, and which were performed again or excerpted in shows at several Italian theatres (Florence, Pisa, Naples, Ferrara, Perugia, Genoa, Rimini etc.).[citation needed]

Pasquini was a renowned teacher of harpsichord. Among his pupils were Tommaso Bernardo Gaffi and his nephew Felice Bernardo Ricordati. Many important musicians of the late 1600s and early 1700s had lessons from him including Georg Muffat, who praised Pasquini for having taught him "the Italian way of playing the organ and harpsichord."[7] Pasquini taught many other notable musicians of the era, including Johann Philipp Krieger, Giuseppe Fabbrini, Floriano Arresti, Johann Georg Christian Störl, and Franz Jakob Horneck, and probably also Ferdinand Tobias Richter and Carlo Domenico Draghi.[8]

Together with Arcangelo Corelli and Alessandro Scarlatti, in 1706 Pasquini became a member of the Academy of Arcadia. He is frequently paired with Scarlatti in discussions of keyboard technique and compositional style.[citation needed]

Pasquini died in Rome on 21 November 1710, and was buried in his parish church of San Lorenzo in Lucina. A sepulchral monument, still existing in the church, was erected by the nephew Felice Bernardo Ricordati and the pupil Tommaso Bernardo Gaffi.[citation needed]

His keyboard music is almost entirely preserved in four manuscript volumes (partially autographs), which were compiled between circa 1691 and 1708, by the composer and other collaborators, now preserved in Berlin (Staatsbibliothek – Preußische Kulturbesitz, Landsberg 215), and London (British Library, Add. 31501/I-II-III).

One of his harpsichord pieces was transcribed for orchestra by Ottorino Respighi for his suite Gli uccelli.[9]


Works


Operas

Oratorios

Toccata with Cuckoo Scherzo
performed by Sylvia Kind
Problems playing this file? See media help.

Pasquini composed around sixty cantatas, mainly for one voice and continuo, but also for two or three voices, with or without instruments, and continuo.[10]

He celebrated the ubiquitous cuckoo in Toccata con lo Scherzo del Cucco, written in florid style in 1702. It is perhaps the best keyboard cuckoo piece in existence for it imitates the cuckoo's notes, which seems to have been a favourite device in early baroque music.

In 2016, Arnoldo Morelli, a scholar from the University of L’Aquila, lamented the tendency among musicologists and music histories to label Pasquini merely as an exponent of keyboard music, without attention to his substantial output of oratorios and opera.[7]


Selected recordings



Notes


  1. Morelli, Arnaldo (2014). "PASQUINI, Bernardo". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). Vol. 81.
  2. Editorial Team, Estense (16 November 2016). "Ferrara remembers the masters of the Academy of Death". Estense.
  3. A. Morelli, La virtù in corte. Bernardo Pasquini (1637-1710), Lucca, 2016, pp. 86-89.
  4. Dominguez, Jose Maria (2013). [doi:10.1017/S1478570612000371 "Corelli, Politics and Music during the Visit of Philip V to Naples in 1702"]. Eighteenth Century Music. 10 (1): 93–108. doi:10.1017/S1478570612000371. S2CID 153786367. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
  5. C. Sartori, I libretti italiani a stampa dalle origini al 1800, Cuneo, 1990–1994, #1439, 14299
  6. de Lucca, Valeria. "L'Alcasta and the Emergence of Collective Patronage in Mid-Seventeenth-Century Rome" (PDF). The Journal of Musicology. 28 (2): 195–230.
  7. Morelli, Arnoldo (2016). [doi:10.1080/02690403.2016.1151246 "Bernardo Pasquini's Cantatas"]. Journal of the Royal Musical Association. 141 (1): 233–243. doi:10.1080/02690403.2016.1151246. S2CID 192437538. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
  8. A. Morelli, La virtù in corte. Bernardo Pasquini (1637-1710), Lucca, 2016, pp. 97-98, 333.
  9. Glennon, James (1980). Understanding Music. St. Martin's Press. p. 214. ISBN 978-0-312-83144-8.
  10. Complete modern edition Bernardo Pasquini, Le cantate, ed. by Alexandra Nigito, Turnhout, 2012.

References




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На других языках

[de] Bernardo Pasquini

Bernardo Pasquini (* 7. Dezember 1637 in Massa in Val di Nievole, (Toskana); † 21.[1] oder 22. November 1710[2][3] in Rom) war ein italienischer Organist, Cembalist, und Komponist des Barock.
- [en] Bernardo Pasquini

[es] Bernardo Pasquini

Bernardo Pasquini (Massa, Ducado de Massa y Carrara, 7 de diciembre de 1637 — † Roma, Estados Pontificios, 22 de noviembre de 1710) fue un compositor italiano de ópera y música religiosa.

[ru] Пасквини, Бернардо

Бернардо Пасквини (7 декабря 1637 — 22 ноября 1710) — итальянский композитор, клавесинист и органист[5].


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