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Garret Colley Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington (19 July 1735 – 22 May 1781) was an Anglo-Irish politician and composer, as well as the father of several distinguished military commanders and politicians of Great Britain and Ireland.

The Right Honourable
The Earl of Mornington
Member of Parliament for Trim
In office
1757–1758
Serving with Joseph Ashe
Preceded byChichester Fortescue
Joseph Ashe
Succeeded byWilliam Francis Crosbie
Joseph Ashe
Personal details
Born(1735-07-19)19 July 1735
Dangan Castle, in County Meath
Died22 May 1781(1781-05-22) (aged 45)
Resting placeGrosvenor Chapel
Spouse
Anne Hill-Trevor
(m. 1759)
RelationsHenry Colley (grandfather)
ChildrenRichard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley
Arthur Gerald Wellesley
William Wellesley-Pole, 3rd Earl of Mornington
Lady Anne Smith
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
Gerald Valerian Wellesley
Lady Mary Wellesley
Henry Wellesley, 1st Baron Cowley
Parent(s)Richard Wesley, 1st Baron Mornington
Elizabeth Sale
Alma materTrinity College, Dublin

Early life


Wesley was born at the family estate of Dangan Castle, near Summerhill, a village near Trim in County Meath, Ireland.[1] He was a son of Richard Wesley, 1st Baron Mornington (son of Henry Colley, MP), and Elizabeth Sale (a daughter of John Sale, Registrar of the Diocese of Dublin).[2]

He was educated at Trinity College Dublin, and was elected its first Professor of Music in 1764. From early childhood he showed extraordinary talent on the violin, and soon began composing his own works.[3] As a composer he is remembered chiefly for glees such as "Here in cool grot" (lyrics by William Shenstone) and for a double Anglican chant.[4] It was the future Duke of Wellington who, alone of his children, inherited something of his musical talent.[5]


Career


Wesley represented Trim in the Irish House of Commons from 1757 until 1758, when he succeeded his father as 2nd Baron Mornington. In 1759 he was appointed Custos Rotulorum of Meath and in 1760, in recognition of his musical and philanthropic achievements, he was created Viscount Wellesley, of Dangan Castle in the County of Meath, and Earl of Mornington.

He was elected Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ireland in 1776, a post he held until the following year.[6] Like his father, and his mother-in-law Lady Dungannon, he was careless with money, and his early death left the family exposed to financial embarrassment, leading ultimately to the decision in the nineteenth century to sell all their Irish estates.[7]


Personal life


Wesley married Anne Hill-Trevor, eldest daughter of the banker Arthur Hill-Trevor, 1st Viscount Dungannon, and his wife Anne Stafford, on 6 February 1759. His godmother, the famous diarist Mary Delany, said the marriage was happy, despite his lack of financial sense and her "want of judgment".[8] They had nine children, most of whom were historically significant, including:[9]

Four of Lord Mornington's five sons were created peers in the Peerages of Great Britain and the United Kingdom. The Barony of Wellesley (held by the Marquess Wellesley) and the Barony of Maryborough are now extinct, whilst the Dukedom of Wellington and Barony of Cowley are extant. The Earldom of Mornington is held by the Dukes of Wellington, and the Barons Cowley have since been elevated to be Earls Cowley.


Legacy


Four streets in Camden Town, which formed part of the estate of his son-in-law Henry FitzRoy, were named Mornington Crescent, Place, Street and Terrace after him. Of these, the first has since become famous as the name of a London Underground station.[10]


References


  1. C.F.J. Hankinson, editor, DeBretts Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, 147th year (London, U.K.: Odhams Press, 1949), page 1100.
  2. G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume IX, page 235.
  3. Longford, Elizabeth Wellington. The Years of the Sword Panther Edition, 1971, p. 32.
  4. Klein, Axel (2001). Irish Classical Recordings: A Discography of Irish Art Music. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-31742-2. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  5. Wright, William Ball (1889). The Ussher Memoirs: Or, Genealogical Memoirs of the Ussher Families in Ireland (with Appendix, Pedigree and Index of Names), Compiled from Public and Private Sources. Sealy, Bryers & Walker. p. 167. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  6. Waite, Arthur Edward (2007). A New Encyclopedia of Freemasonry. Vol. I. Cosimo, Inc. p. 400. ISBN 978-1-60206-641-0.
  7. Longford p.53
  8. Longford p. 33.
  9. Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Burke's Peerage Limited. 1885. p. 1373. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  10. Weinreb, Ben and Hibbert, Christopher (1992). The London Encyclopaedia (reprint ed.). Macmillan. p. 543.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)


Parliament of Ireland
Preceded by
Chichester Fortescue
Joseph Ashe
Member of Parliament for Trim
1757–1758
With: Joseph Ashe
Succeeded by
William Francis Crosbie
Joseph Ashe
Masonic offices
Preceded by
The Earl of Belvedere
Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ireland
1776 1777
Succeeded by
The Duke of Leinster
Peerage of Ireland
New creation Earl of Mornington
1760 1781
Succeeded by
Richard Wellesley
Preceded by
Richard Wesley
Baron Mornington
1758 1781

На других языках


[de] Garret Wesley, 1. Earl of Mornington

Garret Wesley, 1. Earl of Mornington (auch Garret Wellesley, * 19. Juli 1735 auf Dangan Castle, County Meath; † 22. Mai 1781 in Kensington, London) war ein anglo-irischer Peer und Komponist.
- [en] Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington

[ru] Уэсли, Гаррет, 1-й граф Морнингтон

Гаррет Колли Уэсли, 1-й граф Морнингтон (19 июля 1735 — 22 мая 1781) — англо-ирландский политик и композитор , отец А́ртура Уэ́лсли, 1-го герцога Ве́ллингтон.



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