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Underground is the seventh studio album that Thelonious Monk recorded for Columbia Records. It features Monk on piano, Larry Gales on bass, Charlie Rouse on tenor sax, and Ben Riley on drums.[1] This is the last Monk album featuring the Thelonious Monk Quartet.[1]

Underground
Studio album by Thelonious Monk
Released	1968
Recorded	December 14 and 21, 1967; February 14, 1968
Genre	Jazz
Length	37:23 (1:11:04 on Special Edition)
Label	Columbia
Producer	Teo Macero
Thelonious Monk chronology
Straight, No Chaser (1967) Underground (1968) Monk's Blues (1968)

Professional ratings

Review scores
Source	Rating
AllMusic	[1]
The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide	[2]
The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings	[3]

Its cover image depicts Monk as a French Resistance fighter in the Second World War, an homage to longtime patroness and friend Pannonica de Koenigswarter, who had served in the resistance, and whose likeness also appears on the cover.[1] It won the Grammy Award for Best Album Cover.[4]

Music

"Green Chimneys" is named after the school attended by Monk's daughter.[1]

For "In Walked Bud", Jon Hendricks added lyrics.[1]

Track listing

All songs composed by Thelonious Monk unless otherwise noted.

Original LP

Side One

1. "Thelonious" - 3:14
2. "Ugly Beauty" - 7:20
3. "Raise Four" - 4:36
4. "Boo Boo's Birthday" - 5:56

Side Two

1. "Easy Street" (A.R. Jones) - 5:52
2. "Green Chimneys" - 9:00
3. "In Walked Bud" - 4:17

CD re-issue

1. "Thelonious" – 3:13
2. "Ugly Beauty" – 3:17
3. "Raise Four" – 5:47
4. "Boo Boo's Birthday" – 5:56
5. "Easy Street" (Alan Rankin Jones) – 5:53
6. "Green Chimneys" – 9:00
7. "In Walked Bud" (Jon Hendricks, Monk) – 4:17

Special Edition

1. "Thelonious" – 3:16
2. "Ugly Beauty" – 10:45
3. "Raise Four" – 7:00
4. "Boo Boo's Birthday (Take 11)" – 5:55
5. "Easy Street" – 7:50
6. "Green Chimneys" – 13:09
7. "In Walked Bud" – 6:48
8. "Ugly Beauty (Take 4)" – 7:37
9. "Boo Boo's Birthday (Take 2)" – 5:34
10. "Thelonious (Take 3)" – 3:10

Personnel

Musicians

• Thelonious Monk – piano
• Charlie Rouse – tenor saxophone
• Larry Gales – bass
• Ben Riley – drums
• Jon Hendricks – vocals on "In Walked Bud"

Production

• Teo Macero – production
• Tim Geelan – engineering
• Horn Grinner Studios – photography
• John Berg, Richard Mantel – art direction

References

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