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In music, a decet—sometimes dectet, decimette, or even tentet[1]—is a composition which requires ten musicians for a performance, or a musical group that consists of ten people. The corresponding German word is Dezett, the French is dixtuor. Unlike some other musical ensembles such as the string quartet, there is no established or standard set of instruments in a decet.


History


Of the ensemble types named according to the number of musicians in the group, the decet and the larger undecet, duodecet, etc., are names less common in music than smaller groupings. In the eighteenth century, ten-part ensembles were most often encountered in the genre of the wind serenade, or divertimento (for example, Mozart, K. 186 and 166, both for 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 English horns, 2 horns, and 2 bassoons). Because the wind-serenade tradition was carried on during the 19th century primarily in France, the term dixtuor is somewhat more widely used in French than is its English equivalent, and French works figure most prominently in this ten-instrument configuration—most commonly the double wind quintet. One of the earliest examples to use the English term is the Decet for oboe, clarinet, horn, bassoon, piano, 2 violins, viola, cello, and contrabass (ca. 1841) by John Henry Griesbach (1798–1875).[2] Perhaps the best-known work in this genre from the nineteenth century is Joachim Raff’s Sinfonietta for ten winds, Op. 188.


Wind decets



String decets



Mixed-instrument decets



Sources


  1. Gerhart, Catherine. 2005. "Annotated Bibliography of Double Wind Quintet Music".
  2. Bashford, Christina (2001). "Griesbach, John Henry". In Sadie, Stanley; Tyrrell, John (eds.). The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2nd ed.). London: Macmillan. ISBN 9780195170672.

Further reading



На других языках


- [en] Decet (music)

[ru] Децимет

Дециме́т (итал. decimetto, от лат. decimus — десятый) — в академической музыке ансамбль из 10 исполнителей (с самостоятельной партией у каждого) или произведение для такого состава исполнителей.



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