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Alexander Borisovich Gradsky (Russian: Алекса́ндр Бори́сович Гра́дский; born Alexander Borisovich Fradkin, 3 November 1949 – 28 November 2021) was a Russian rock singer, bard, multi-instrumentalist and composer. He was one of the earliest performers of rock music in Russia. His diverse repertoire included rock 'n' roll, traditional folk songs performed with a rock twist, and operatic arias. He composed two rock operas and numerous songs including soundtrack music for several films.

Alexander Gradsky
Александр Градский
PAR
Gradsky in 2019
Background information
Birth nameAlexander Borisovich Fradkin
Born(1949-11-03)3 November 1949
Kopeysk, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Died28 November 2021(2021-11-28) (aged 72)
Moscow, Russia
Genres
  • Rock
  • Bard music
  • Classical
  • Folk
  • Blues
Occupation(s)
  • Singer
  • Songwriter
  • Musician
  • Vocal teacher
Instrument(s)
  • Vocals
  • Piano
  • Guitar
  • Bass guitar
  • Violin
  • Drums
Years active1963–2021
Labels
  • Music1
  • Victor Musical Industries
  • Gradsky Kholl
  • Moroz Records
  • Creative Media
  • Believe Digital

Early life and musical beginnings


Alexander Gradsky was born on 3 November 1949 in the Russian city of Kopeysk, into a family of mixed Jewish and Russian origin.[1] His father Boris Fradkin was an engineer working in a factory, and his mother Tamara was an actress. His mother encouraged him to learn to play the violin as a child, and her brother, Boris Gradsky, Alexander Gradsky's uncle, was a dancer who toured abroad with the famous Moiseev dance group and brought home records of Western music artists including Elvis Presley, Louis Armstrong and Little Richard.[2] Such music was not ordinarily available in Soviet Russia at that time.[3][4]

By the age of 12, Gradsky was singing Elvis Presley songs and accompanying himself on guitar.[5] In 1963, at the age of 13, he sang with a Polish student band called Tarakany (Тараканы – The Cockroaches) in a concert at the International Club of Moscow State University.[3] This is believed to have been the first public performance of rock 'n' roll by any Russian musician.[3]


Other bands


In the mid-1960s, Gradsky joined the band Slaviane (Славяне – The Slavs) as lead singer.[3] The band's repertoire consisted almost entirely of Beatles and Rolling Stones covers.[4] In 1966–1967, he was working with three bands: Slaviane, Los Panchos and Skify (Скифы – The Scythians). However, he found himself disagreeing with his Slaviane bandmates over the direction the band should take. Gradsky wanted to perform original rock songs in his native Russian language, whereas the other band members did not think that such endeavours could be successful and wanted to continue performing imported songs.[3]

Gradsky consequently decided to form his own band, Skomorokhi (Скоморохи – The Jesters or The Buffoons) in 1967. His band became popular playing original Russian songs, as Gradsky blended elements of Western rock music with the lyric-centred, folk-influenced Russian bard music which was popular around that time.[3] He enrolled in Gnesins Academy of Music in 1969, and continued to perform with Skomorokhi while a student. A successful performance at the Soviet pop-rock festival Silver Strings was followed with airplay and record deals.[5]


Solo career


Gradsky in Tiraspol, 2014
Gradsky in Tiraspol, 2014

In 1973, film director Andrei Konchalovsky asked Alexander Gradsky to compose and perform music for the film "A Lover's Romance", which was released in 1974, the same year in which Gradsky graduated with a master's degree in vocal performance.[4][5] Gradsky performed all the male vocal parts in the film soundtrack, which brought him fame as a solo artist.[5] His many records released during his long career encompass a variety of genres.[4][5] His first rock opera, Stadium (Стадион – Stadion), was released as a double LP in 1985.[6] He also composed a rock ballet The Man (Человек – Chelovek), released in 1988.[6]

Gradsky was a tenor who is reported to have a three-and-a-half octave vocal range, and also played 12 instruments.[7] He performed the demanding role of the Astrologer in Rimsky-Korsakov's opera The Golden Cockerel (Золотой Петушок – Zolotoy Petushok) in Moscow's Bolshoi Theatre in 1988.[5]

His collaboration with John Denver, with whom he performed the 1986 song Let us Begin..., brought him to wider international attention.[5] In 1999, he performed a recital at New York City's Carnegie Hall.[7]

Since the late '80s, Gradsky taught vocals at the Gnesin Music Academy and performed there.[5]

On 16 July 1988 Gradsky performed at the San Francisco, California Golden Gate Park Bandshell as part of the American Soviet Peace Walk Concert. Later that evening he also played acoustic guitar and sang during the intermission (set break) at the Grateful Dead Rex Foundation Charity concert at U.C. Berkeley's Greek Theater.

In late 2009, Alexander Gradsky released a 4-CD opera adaptation of Mikhail Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita (Ма́стер и Маргари́та), starring Gradsky himself as Master, Woland, Yeshua and Behemoth.[2] The opera also stars Nikolai Fomenko as Koroviev, Mikhail Seryshev (formerly of Master) as Ivan, and Elena Minina as Margarita,[2] in addition to many renowned Russian singers and actors in episodic roles, including (but not limited to) Iosif Kobzon, Lyubov Kazarnovskaya, Andrei Makarevich, Alexander Rosenbaum, Arkady Arkanov, and the late Georgi Millyar (voice footage from one of his movies was used).


Personal life


Alexander Gradsky was married four times. His first marriage was when he was in his early twenties but it didn't last long and they divorced within months. He was married for the second time in 1970 to actress Anastasia Vertinskaya. His third marriage was with a then 20 year old Lomonosov Moscow University economics student Olga Fartysheva. They were married for 23 years and had two children together Daniel (March 1981) and Maria (January 1986). Alexander was in a relationship with Ukrainian fashion model Marina Kotashenko in his late years, they had two sons together: Alexander (2014) and Ivan (2018).[8]


Death


After contracting COVID-19 in September 2021, amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia, Gradsky's health steadily deteriorated. On 26 November 2021, he did not feel well at home, and was urgently hospitalized at a Moscow hospital for a suspected stroke.[9][10] On 28 November 2021, he died at the age of 72.[11] On 1 December 2021, he was buried at the Vagankovo Cemetery.[12]


Discography



Rock operas


Russian titleEnglish translationYear
СтадионStadium (rock opera)1985
Мастер и МаргаритаThe Master and Margarita2009

Other albums and EPs


Russian titleEnglish translationYear
Давид Тухманов. Как прекрасен мирDavid Tukhmanov. How Beautiful is the World
(Alexander Gradsky sings two songs)
1972
Поёт Александр ГрадскийAlexander Gradsky Sings1973 (EP)
Романс о влюблённыхA Lover's Romance1974
Солнце, снова солнцеSun, Sun Again1976
Александр Градский и ансамбль "Скоморохи"Alexander Gradsky and Skomorokhi1978 (EP)
Александр Градский и Элтон Джон
(Только ты верь мне)
Alexander Gradsky and Elton John
(Only You Trust Me)
1979 (EP)
Русские песниRussian Songs1980
Нам не жить друг без другаWe Can't Live Without Each Other1980 (EP)
Сама жизнь
Вокальная сюита на стихи Поля Элюара
Life Itself
Vocal Suite on Paul Eluard's verses
1984
Звезда полей
Вокальная сюита на стихи Николая Рубцова
Fields Star
Vocal Suite on verses by Nikolai Rubtsov
1986
Сатиры
Вокальная сюита на стихи Саши Черного
Satire
Vocal Suite on verses by Sasha Chyorny
1987
Давайте начнёмLet's Get Started1987 (EP)
Утопия АГUtopia AG1987
Размышления шута
Вокальная сюита
Reflections of a Jester
Vocal Suite
1987
Флейта и рояль
Вокальная сюита на стихи Бориса Пастернака и Владимира Маяковского
Flute and Grand Piano
Vocal Suite on verses by Boris Pasternak and Vladimir Mayakovsky
1988
Ностальгия
Вокальная сюита на стихи Владимира Набокова
Nostalgia
Vocal Suite on verses by Vladimir Nabokov
1988
Человек
Балет
The Man
Ballet
1988
Монте-Кристо
Узник замка Иф
Monte Cristo
Prisoner of Château d'If
1989
Концерт-сюитаConcert Suite1989
ЭкспедицияExpedition1990
(n/a)Metamorphoses1991
Несвоевременные песниUntimely Songs1994
Фрукты с кладбищаFruit from the Cemetery1995
ЖИВьЁМ в России(A)live in Russia1996
Золотое старьёGold Junk1996
Коллекция АГ (13CD)Collection of AG (13-CD set)1996
Легенды русского рока
Градский и группа "Скоморохи"
Legends of Russian Rock
Gradsky and Skomorokhi
1997
ЖИВьЁМ в России 2(A)live in Russia 22000
ХрестоматияReader2003
Песни для ИрыSongs for Ira2003

DVDs


Russian titleEnglish translationYear
ЖИВьЁМ в России 2
Юбилейный видеоконцерт
(A)live in Russia 2
Jubilee video concerts
2004
ЖИВьЁМ в России
Юбилейный видеоконцерт
(A)live in Russia
Jubilee video concerts
2010
Антиперестроечный Блюз
(фильм-концерт 1990)
Anti-Perestroika Blues
(Film-concert 1990)
2010

References


  1. "Alexander Gradsky". Biography (in Russian). Retrieved 28 March 2011.
  2. "Alexander Gradskiy". Master & Margarita. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
  3. Yoffe, Mark; Laing, Dave. "History of Soviet and Russian Rock Music". Written for Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of The World: Locations. SOFT POWER. Archived from the original on 31 August 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
  4. "Biography". Official website (in Russian). Gradsky.com. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
  5. Ofman, Gregory. "Alexander Gradsky: biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
  6. "Discography". Alexander Gradsky official website (in Russian). Gradsky.com. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
  7. "Alexander Gradsky will make a recital debut at Carnegie Hall". New York Daily News. 1 March 1999. Retrieved 24 March 2011.
  8. "Градский накануне 69-летия стал отцом в четвёртый раз". Life.ru (in Russian). 1 November 2018. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
  9. Samoilenko, Alina (26 November 2021). "СМИ: Александра Градского госпитализировали с подозрением на инсульт". Блокнот Россия (in Russian). Retrieved 28 November 2021.
  10. Glyba, Konstantin (26 November 2021). "Александр Градский в больнице с подозрением на инсульт. Шоу "Голос" продолжит выходить в эфир". Komsomolskaya Pravda (in Russian). Retrieved 28 November 2021.
  11. Anisimova, Natalia (28 November 2021). "Умер Александр Градский". РБК (in Russian). RBK Group. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
  12. "В Москве простились с музыкантом Александром Градским". Iz.ru (in Russian). 1 December 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2021.



На других языках


- [en] Alexander Gradsky

[es] Aleksandr Gradski

Aleksandr Borísovich Gradski (en ruso, Алекса́ндр Бори́сович Гра́дский) (Kopéisk, 3 de noviembre de 1949 - Moscú, 28 de noviembre de 2021)[1] fue un cantante, bardo, multi-instrumentista y compositor ruso, reconocido por ser uno de los primeros intérpretes de música rock en Rusia. Su diverso repertorio incluye géneros como el rock 'n' roll, canciones folclóricas tradicionales y arias operísticas. Ha compuesto dos óperas rock y numerosas canciones, incluyendo las bandas sonoras de varias películas. Su colaboración con el cantautor estadounidense John Denver[2][3] y su constante participación como miembro del jurado del concurso The Voice en su versión rusa, le valieron el reconocimiento internacional.[4][5]

[ru] Градский, Александр Борисович

Алекса́ндр Бори́сович Гра́дский (при рождении Фра́дкин; 3 ноября 1949, Копейск, Челябинская область, СССР — 28 ноября 2021, Москва, Россия) — советский и российский певец, мультиинструменталист, автор песен, поэт, композитор; народный артист Российской Федерации (1999), народный артист Приднестровской Молдавской Республики (2014), лауреат Государственной премии Российской Федерации (1999). Один из основоположников русского рока[2][3][4][5][6][7].



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