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Mehdi Hassan Khan NI PP HI (Urdu: مہدی حسن خاں) 18 July 1927 – 13 June 2012)[1][2] was a Pakistani ghazal singer and playback singer for Lollywood. Widely considered one of the greatest and most influential figures in the history of ghazal singing,[3][4][5] Hassan is referred to as the "Shahenshah-e-Ghazal" (Emperor of Ghazal).[6][7][8][9][10] Known for his "haunting" baritone voice,[11] Hassan is credited with bringing ghazal singing to a worldwide audience. He is unique for his melodic patterns and maintaining integrity of the ragas in an innovative way.

"Shahenshah-e-Ghazal"

Mehdi Hassan Khan

NI HI TI PP
Born18 July 1927
Luna, Rajputana Agency, British India
Died13 June 2012
(aged 84)
Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
NationalityPakistani
Occupation
  • Singer
  • music composer
Years active(1957–1999)
AwardsPride of Performance (1985)
9 Nigar Awards for Best Male Playback Singer
HonoursTamgha-e-Imtiaz
Hilal-e-Imtiaz (2010)
Nishan-e-Imtiaz (2012)
Musical career
GenresGhazal
Instrument(s)
  • Vocals
Labels
  • PTV
  • Radio Pakistan
Websitemehdihassan.com
For other people with similar names, see Mehdi Hasan (disambiguation).

Born into a family of Kalawant musicians, Hassan was naturally inclined towards music from a young age. He influenced generations of singers from diverse genres, from Jagjit Singh[12] to Parvez Mehdi.[13] He earned numerous awards and accolades during his lifetime and remained a leading singer of Pakistani film industry along with another contemporary playback singer Ahmed Rushdi, and it is estimated that Hassan sang for over 300 films during his career.[2][14] For his contributions to the arts, Hassan was awarded with the Nishan-e-Imtiaz, Tamgha-e-Imtiaz, Pride of Performance, and Hilal-e-Imtiaz by the Government of Pakistan.[2]


Early life


Hassan was born on 18 July 1927 in a village called Luna (Shekhawati) (Near Mandawa) in Jhunjhunu district in British India into a family of traditional musicians.[11] He claims to be the 16th generation of hereditary musicians hailing from the Kalawant clan of musicians. Hassan started training in classical music at the age of eight[15] and completed his musical training with his father Ustad Azeem Khan and uncle Ustad Ismail Khan who were both traditional Dhrupad singers.[16] Hassan started performing at a young age and by the time he was 18 years old, Hassan is said to have mastered the classical singing forms of dhrupad, dadra, thumri, and khayal, and started performing at royal courts with his brother Ghulam Qadir.[17] Hassan started his career primarily as a thumri exponent.[18] His first concert of dhrupad and khayal with his elder brother is reported to have been held in Fazilka Bungla, near present DC House (1935) of Undivided Punjab. His elder brother Pandit Ghulam Qadir also was instrumental in sharpening his skills.[16]

After the partition of India in 1947, the 20-year-old Hassan and his family migrated to Pakistan, carrying little with them by way of material belongings. The family proceeded to his paternal aunt's house who lived in a village, Chak No 111/7R, near Chichawatni. They suffered severe financial hardships in their new country. Hassan initially started working in nearby Chichawatni, in a bicycle shop Mughal Cycle House and later became a car and diesel tractor mechanic.[19] Despite the financial hardships, he kept up his singing practice on a daily basis.[11]


Singing career


In 1957, Hassan was again given the opportunity to sing on Radio Pakistan, primarily as a thumri singer and later as a ghazal performer,[20] which earned him recognition within the musical fraternity. He had a passion for Urdu poetry, and therefore, he began to experiment by singing ghazals on a part-time basis. He cites radio officers Z.A. Bukhari and Rafiq Anwar as additional influences in his progression as a ghazal singer.[21] He first sang on Radio Pakistan in 1952.[11] His first film song was "Nazar Milte Hi Dil Ki Bat Ka Charcha Na Ho Jaye" film Shikhar in 1956. This song was written by poet Yazdani Jalandhari and its music was composed by Asghar Ali M. Husain. In 1964, his ghazal for a film Farangi, "Gulon mein rang bharay, baad-e-naubahar chale" written by renowned Pakistani poet Faiz Ahmed Faiz and composed by Rasheed Attre, gave him a major breakthrough into the Pakistani film industry and he never looked back after that.[21][22] Even the original ghazal poet Faiz Ahmed Faiz stopped reciting it in his 'mushairas' (poetry reciting events) and, instead, recommended that the audience ask Hassan to sing it for them because the poet jokingly used to say that the ghazal belonged to Hassan after its popularity.[16]

In October 2010, HMV Label released "Sarhadein" in which his first and last duet song Tera Milna featuring Hassan and Lata Mangeshkar was released. This song was composed by Hassan and written by Farhat Shahzad. Hassan recorded it in Pakistan in 2009, and Mangeshkar later heard the track and recorded her part in India in 2010, and the song was later mixed for a duet. The same duet was also sung by Hassan and Noor Jehan.

Following a severe illness in the late 1980s, Hassan cut back on his singing, eventually stepping down from playback singing altogether.[18] Later, due to the severity of his illness, he completely departed from music.


Tributes


Hassan is widely regarded as one of the greatest singers in the sub-continent[23][24] and is said to have revolutionized the way ghazals were sung.[25] In 1977, Indian playback singer Lata Mangeshkar was so moved by his dulcet vocals during a New Delhi concert that she reportedly said, "Aisa lagta hai ke unke gale mein bhagwan boltein hain" (it seems as though like God is singing through his voice).[16] On 18 July 2018, the day of his 91st birthday, Google featured Hassan on its homepage doodle.[26] Pakistani Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani paid tribute to Hassan, calling him "an icon who mesmerized music lovers" for decades.[19] Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh stated that Hassan "brought the sub-continental Sufi sensibilities to life through his songs,"[27][28] and that "the influence of his passion for Urdu poetry and initial grooming in Dhrupad tradition earned for him a special place in the world of music."[29]


Death


Hassan suffered from a serious chronic lung condition for a few years before his death.[30] He also received treatment for lung, urinary tract, and chest ailments at several hospitals in Pakistan for about 12 years prior to his death.[15][31] Towards the end of 2000, he suffered his first stroke while in Kerala, India.[32] In 2005, he was taken to India for ayurvedic treatment where he was welcomed by A.B. Vajpayee, Dilip Kumar, Lata Mangeshkar and many of his Indian fans. He suffered his second stroke soon after he returned from India which left him with speech impairments[33] and limited his physical mobility.[30] Hassan developed a severe chest infection and breathing difficulties in the days preceding his death.[15] He died of multiple organ failure[29] on 13 June 2012 at Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi.[19]


Musicians in his group and his students


Some of the musicians who are associated with him :

Some of his students are:


Family


Mehdi Hassan had 14 children.[34] As many as six of his sons are active in the field of music. They are:


Awards


Pride of Performance Award Recipient
Date1985
CountryIslamic Republic of Pakistan
Presented byIslamic Republic of Pakistan
Websitehttp://www.mehdihassan.com/ 
Hilal-i-Imtiaz Award Recipient
Date2010
CountryIslamic Republic of Pakistan
Presented byIslamic Republic of Pakistan
Websitehttp://www.mehdihassan.com/ 
Nishan-e-Imtiaz Award Recipient
Date2012
CountryIslamic Republic of Pakistan
Presented byIslamic Republic of Pakistan
Websitehttp://www.mehdihassan.com/ 

Civilian honours


The following civilian honours have been conferred on him, in chronological order.[35]


The Government of India


The Government of Nepal


The Government of Pakistan


Nigar Awards


He had been the recipient of numerous awards and recognitions: the Tamgha-i-Imtiaz granted to him by Gen Ayub Khan; the Pride of Performance bestowed on him by Gen Ziaul Haq; and the Hilal-i-Imtiaz conferred by Gen Pervez Musharraf. Besides the Nigar Film and Graduate Awards from Pakistan, he was presented the Saigal Award in Jalandhar, India, in 1979, whereas the Gorkha Dakshina Bahu Award was given to him in Nepal in 1983. Recently, he travelled to Dubai to receive yet another award.


Albums


Some of his albums are:


Ghazals



See also



References


  1. "Mehdi Hassan obituary". the Guardian. 13 June 2012. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  2. "Death anniversary of Shahenshah-e-Ghazal Mehdi Hassan being observed today". www.radio.gov.pk. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  3. Ken Hunt (16 June 2012). "Mehdi Hassan: Musician hailed as the maestro of the 'ghazal'". INDEPENDENT (UK newspaper). Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  4. New Delhi – Volume 2, Part 2. Ananda Bazar Patrika. 1979. p. 35.
  5. Russell, Ralph (1992). The pursuit of Urdu literature: a select history. Zed Books. p. 242.
  6. "Mehdi Hassan - New Songs, Playlists & Latest News - BBC Music". BBC. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  7. Dawn.com (13 June 2012). "End of an era as Mehdi Hassan passes away". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  8. Khawaja, Mishal Abbas (18 July 2019). "'Shehanshah-e-Ghazal' - Mehdi Hassan's 92nd Birthday". nation.com.pk. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  9. "Mehdi Hasan: A tribute to the Shahenshah-e-Ghazal". The Express Tribune. 8 November 2010. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  10. "Ghazal King Mehdi Hassan remembered". The News International. 19 June 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  11. Mehdi Hassan profile on Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved 31 March 2018
  12. Who was Mehdi Hassan NDTV website, Retrieved 31 March 2018
  13. Rafay Mahmood (13 June 2012). "Mehdi Hassan: A sun amongst the stars". The Express Tribune (newspaper). Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  14. News Desk (13 June 2019), "King of Ghazal: Mehdi Hassan remembered on 7th anniversary", Global Village Space. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  15. Khan, Omer Farooq (13 June 2012). "Ghazal singer Mehdi Hassan passes away - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  16. Devesh Sharma (10 August 2012). "Mehdi Hassan: The Master of Melodies". Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  17. Pandya, Haresh (14 June 2012). "Mehdi Hassan, Who Sang Urdu Lyric Verse, Dies at 84". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  18. "Mehdi Hassan passes away in Karachi - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  19. "Pakistani singer Mehdi Hassan dies". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  20. "A tribute to Ghazal maestro Mehdi Hassan". Hindustan Times. 13 June 2012. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  21. King of Ghazal Mehdi Hassan remembered The News International (newspaper), Published 13 June 2016, Retrieved 31 March 2018
  22. "Why ghazals owe their life to Mehdi Hassan". www.dailyo.in. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
  23. "Remembering Mehdi Hassan - the Pakistani maestro who captured hearts on both sides of the border". DNA India. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  24. "Mehdi Hasan: A State of Perpetual Melody". Daily Times. 18 July 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  25. "Mehdi Hassan's death anniversary goes unnoticed". The Express Tribune. 13 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  26. Mehdi Hassan's 91st Birthday Google Homepage Doodle, Published 18 July 2018, Retrieved 11 February 2019
  27. "Mehdi Hassan changed ghazal singing to become its undisputed shahenshah". The Indian Express. 14 June 2012. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  28. Raina, Pamposh (13 June 2012). "Singer Mehdi Hassan Dies At 84". india.blogs.nytimes.com. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  29. "Mehdi Hassan brought Sufi sensibilities to life: PM". DNA India. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  30. "Mehdi Hassan to be discharged, family unable to pay bills". The Economic Times. 22 March 2009. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  31. "Ghazal king Mehdi Hassan dies in Karachi". NDTV.com. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  32. Noorani, Asif (13 June 2012). "Who killed Mehdi Hassan?". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  33. Asif Noorani (13 June 2012). "Mehdi Hassan: 1927 – 2012 – the passing of a legend". Dawn (newspaper). Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  34. "Mehdi Hassan". www.mehdihassan.com. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  35. "Mehdi Hassan- A legend passes away". Dawn (newspaper). 14 August 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  36. Mehdi Hassan's Nishan-e-Imtiaz Award info on Dawn (newspaper) Retrieved 31 March 2018
  37. Mehdi Hassan: Achievements as a playback singer The Express Tribune (newspaper), Published 14 June 2012, Retrieved 11 February 2019




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