Alexander Sergeyevich Dargomyzhsky (Russian:Александр Сергеевич Даргомыжский, tr.Aleksandr Sergeyevich Dargomyzhskiy[lower-alpha 1],IPA:[ɐlʲɪkˈsandr sʲɪrˈɡʲe(j)ɪvʲɪdʑ dərɡɐˈmɨʂskʲɪj](listen); 14 February[O.S. 2 February]1813–17 January[O.S. 5 January]1869) was a 19th-century Russian composer. He bridged the gap in Russian opera composition between Mikhail Glinka and the later generation of The Five and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.
Russian composer
In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming conventions, the patronymic is Sergeyevichand the family name is Dargomyzhsky.
Dargomyzhsky was born in village Troitskoye, Belyov uyezd, Tula Governorate (now Arsenyevsky District, Tula Oblast), and educated in Saint Petersburg. He was already known as a talented musical amateur when in 1833 he met Mikhail Glinka and was encouraged to devote himself to composition. His opera Esmeralda (libretto by composer, based on Victor Hugo's The Hunchback of Notre Dame) was composed in 1839 (performed 1847), and his Rusalka was performed in 1856; but he had little success or recognition either at home or abroad, except in Belgium, until the 1860s,[2] when he became the elder statesman, but not a member, of The Five.
His last opera, The Stone Guest, is his most famous work, known as a pioneering effort in melodic recitative. With the orchestration and the end of the first scene left incomplete at his death, it was finished by César Cui and Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, and was much prized by The Five for what was perceived as its progressive approach to operatic expression. It was premiered in 1872, but never became a lasting standard operatic repertoire item.[2]
Dargomyzhsky also left some unfinished opera projects, among them an attempted setting of Pushkin's Poltava, from which a duet survives. Besides operas, his other compositions include numerous songs, piano pieces, and some orchestral works.[2]
He died in Saint Petersburg in 1869, aged 55.
Bibliography
Richard Taruskin, Opera and Drama in Russia As Preached and Practiced in the 1860s. New ed. Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 1993.
Pougin, Essai historique sur la musique en Russie (Turin, 1897)
Fétis, Biographie universelle des musiciens (Paris, 1862)
Notes
The BGN/PCGN transliteration of Russian is used for his name here. ALA-LC system: Aleksandr Sergeevich Dargomyzhskiĭ, ISO 9 system: Aleksandr Sergeevič Dargomyžskij.[1] Latin: Alexander Sergii filius Dargomyžskij.
One or more of the preceding sentencesincorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Dargomijsky, Alexander Sergeivich". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol.7 (11thed.). Cambridge University Press. p.832.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Dargomyzhsky, Alexander Sergeyevich". New International Encyclopedia. Vol.5 (1sted.). New York: Dodd, Mead. p.789. This work in turn cites:
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