music.wikisort.org - Event

The Eurovision Song Contest 1996 was the 41st edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 18 May 1996 at the Oslo Spektrum in Oslo, Norway and presented by Norwegian journalist and television presenter Ingvild Bryn and Norwegian singer Morten Harket. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK), the contest was held in Norway following the country's victory at the 1995 contest with the song "Nocturne" by Secret Garden.

Eurovision Song Contest 1996
Dates
Final	18 May 1996
Host
Venue	Oslo Spektrum Oslo, Norway
Presenter(s)	Ingvild Bryn Morten Harket
Musical director	Frode Thingnæs
Directed by	Pål Veiglum
Executive supervisor	Christine Marchal-Ortiz
Executive producer	Odd Arvid Strømstad
Host broadcaster	Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK)
Opening act	"Heaven's Not for Saints" performed by Morten Harket
Interval act	"Vardebrenning"
Website	eurovision.tv/event/oslo-1996
Participants
Number of entries	23
Returning countries	Estonia  Finland  Netherlands  Slovakia   Switzerland
Non-returning countries	Denmark  Germany  Hungary  Israel  Russia
Participation map      Participating countries     Countries eliminated in the qualifying round     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1996
Vote
Voting system	Each country awarded 12, 10, 8–1 points to their ten favourite songs
Winning song	Ireland "The Voice"
1995 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1997

Thirty countries submitted entries to participate in the contest, however a new qualification system was introduced to reduce the final number of participating countries to twenty-three. This audio-only qualification round eliminated the entries from Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Macedonia, Romania and Russia, which resulted in Germany being absent from the contest for the first time.

The winner was Ireland with the song "The Voice", written by Brendan Graham and performed by Eimear Quinn. This gave the nation a record-extending seventh contest win and their fourth win in five years. Norway, Sweden, Croatia and Estonia took the remaining places in the top five, with Croatia, Estonia and Portugal, which placed sixth, achieving the best results to date. This was the final contest where the results were determined solely by jury voting, with a trial use of televoting in the 1997 leading to widespread adoption from 1998 onwards.

Location

The 1996 contest took place in Oslo, Norway, following the country's victory at the 1995 contest with the song "Nocturne", performed by Secret Garden. It was the second time that Norway had hosted the contest, following the 1986 contest staged in Bergen.[1] The chosen venue was the Oslo Spektrum, an indoor arena opened in 1990 and located in the Sentrum district of the city, which has hosted music concerts, ice hockey matches and the annual Nobel Peace Prize Concert.[2][3] The arena's maximum capacity of 11,500 was reduced to around 6,000 for the contest.[4][5]

Production

The Eurovision Song Contest 1996 was produced by the Norwegian public broadcaster Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK). Odd Arvid Strømstad served as executive producer, Pål Veiglum served as director, Bjarte Ulfstein served as designer, and Frode Thingnæs served as musical director, leading the Norwegian Radio Orchestra.[6][7] The show was presented by journalist and television presenter Ingvild Bryn and singer and lead vocalist of the Norwegian band a-ha Morten Harket.[6][8] The contest was re-branded for this edition, and was referred to by the hosts and through on-screen captions as Eurosong '96; this was the only occasion in which this contraction was officially used to refer to the event.[4][6]

Rehearsals in the contest venue for the competing acts began on 13 May 1996. Each country had two technical rehearsals in the week approaching the contest, with countries rehearsing in the order in which they would perform. The first rehearsals took place on 13 and 14 May, with each country allowed 40 minutes total on stage, followed by 20 minutes to review recordings with producers and to consult on suggested changes, and then a 20 minute press conference. Each country's second rehearsals took place on 15 and 16 May, with 30 minutes total on stage followed by another 20 minute press conference. A full technical rehearsal with all artists took place on the afternoon of 17 May, followed by two dress rehearsals with an audience on the evening of 17 May and the following afternoon.[4] The competing delegations were additionally invited to a welcome reception during the week in the build-up to the event, hosted by the Mayor of Oslo at Oslo City Hall on the evening of 13 May.[4]

In addition to his role as host, Harket also performed the song "Heaven's Not for Saints" as the show's opening act.[4] The interval act, entitled "Vardebrenning" or "Beacon Burning", was created by Petter Skavlan. The act featured a film montage created by Nils Gaup which combined stev, jazz and Norwegian folk music as part of a musical tour of Norway, followed by a dance number performed live in the Oslo Spektrum by the Oslo Danse Ensemble, composed by Egil Monn-Iversen and choreographed by Runar Borge. The film section featured performances by Torbjørg Aamlid Paus, Bukkene Bruse, Bendik Hofseth, Håvard Gimse, Helge Kjekshus, the Brazz Brothers, Mari Boine and Terje Rypdal.[9][10]

NRK introduced visual effects to the contest for the first time. Computer-generated imagery (CGI) was featured as overlays during the broadcast of the competing entries, and the voting segment was conducted via chroma key technology built by Silicon Graphics, with host Ingvild Bryn situated in the "blue room" to the side of the performance area and the contest scoreboard being rendered virtually using CGI.[8] The chroma key virtual backdrop was also included live footage of the artists in the green room backstage, as well as virtually representing the video feeds of each country's spokespersons as they delivered their country's points.[6][11]

Format

Each participating broadcaster submitted one song, which was required to be no longer than three minutes in duration and performed in the language, or one of the languages, of the country which it represented.[12][13] A maximum of six performers were allowed on stage during each country's performance, and all participants were required to have reached the age of 16 in the year of the contest.[12][14] Each entry could utilise all or part of the live orchestra and could use instrumental-only backing tracks, however any backing tracks used could only include the sound of instruments featured on stage being mimed by the performers.[14][15]

New qualification system

For the 1996 contest a new qualification system was trialled, which replaced the relegation system used between 1993 and 1995 where the lowest-ranked countries in each edition were forced to miss the following year's event. For this edition an audio preselection was organised for all participating countries, apart from the host country Norway, which received an automatic right to compete in the final, to be joined by an additional twenty-two countries. National juries in all competing countries, including Norway, listened to the submitted entries on audio tape, with juries required to listen to all songs three times before voting. Each of the eight members on each country's jury awarded their favourite song twelve points, their second-favourite ten points, their third-favourite eight points, with subsequent points being awarded consecutively down to each juror's tenth-favourite song being awarded one point, with the points awarded by all jurors being totalled to determine each country's top ten songs which were awarded points in the same manner. Jury members who voted in the qualifying round were not allowed to sit on the jury for the final.[8][16]

All songs were required to be received by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) by 20th March 1996. Jury voting was held on 27th and 28th March, with the results sent to the EBU on 28th March. The qualifying countries were then revealed publicly on 29th March, at the same time as the running order draw for the final was conducted.[8][16] The full results of how individual juries had voted was not intended to be revealed publicly, but the full breakdown has since become available.[5][16]

Voting procedure

The results of the 1996 contest were determined through the same scoring system as had first been introduced in 1975: each country awarded twelve points to its favourite entry, followed by ten points to its second favourite, and then awarded points in decreasing value from eight to one for the remaining songs which featured in the country's top ten, with countries unable to vote for their own entry.[17] The points awarded by each country were determined by an assembled jury of sixteen individuals, which was required to be split evenly between members of the public and music professionals, comprised additionally of an equal number of men and women, and below and above 30 years of age. Each jury member voted in secret and awarded between one and ten votes to each participating song, excluding that from their own country and with no abstentions permitted. The votes of each member were collected following the country's performance and then tallied by the non-voting jury chairperson to determine the points to be awarded. In any cases where two or more songs in the top ten received the same number of votes, a show of hands by all jury members was used to determine the final placing.[18][19] This was the last time that the results of the contest were determined solely by jury voting, with televoting introduced during the 1997 contest as part of a trial among five competing countries, followed by widespread use in the 1998 contest among almost all competing countries.[6][15]

Postcards

The "postcards" were 70-second video introductions shown on television whilst the stage is being prepared for the next contestant to perform their entry; the postcards for each country at the 1996 contest was made up of three segments. In the first segment the participating country was highlighted geographically on a map of Europe, followed by video footage of that country's competing artist or artists in their home country during their day-to-day lives, which also featured each artist packing a branded backpack with important items which they would take with them to Oslo. The second segment featured footage of nature scenes in Norway as well as Norwegian people in everyday life, often accompanied by music from Norwegian electronic group Subgud. The final segment consisted of a pre-recorded good luck message from a representative of each respective country in the language of that country.[9][20] The seniority of these figures varied between the different countries; among the contributors were then-President of Turkey Süleyman Demirel, who survived an assassination attempt on the day of the contest, and then-Prime Minister of Portugal António Guterres, who would later become the Secretary-General of the United Nations in 2017.[4][21][22] The individuals who provided messages for each country are shown below, alongside the position which they held at the time of the contest and the language in which they provided their message.[9]

Participating countries

A total of thirty countries submitted entries for the 1996 contest, however per the rules of the event only twenty-three countries would be allowed to participate in the final. Norway, by virtue of being the host country, was guaranteed a place in the final, with all remaining countries competing in the qualifying round in order to gain a spot in the event.[6] Initially broadcasters from thirty-three countries expressed an interest in participating, however planned entries from Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine failed to materialise; these nations would eventually make their contest debuts in the 2000s.[16]

The entries from Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Macedonia, Romania and Russia were eliminated following the qualifying round.[5][6][16] This remains the only occasion to date where Germany did not participate in the contest final.[6][23] Additionally Macedonia's first attempt to compete in the contest is not considered a debut entry by the EBU, with the nation eventually going on to make their official televised debut in 1998.[24]

Qualifying round

The qualifying round took place on 27 and 28 March 1996, and the results were announced on 29 March. The table below outlines the participating countries, the order in which the juries listened to the entries, the competing artists and songs, and the results of the voting. Countries were ordered alphabetically by ISO two-letter country code.[16]

Hungary and Finland tied on the same score for the final qualification place, however Finland qualified for the contest due to them having received the highest individual score (8 points) compared to Hungary (7 points).[16]

Participants and results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1996 qualifying round[16][25][26]

R/O	Country	Artist	Song	Language	Points	Place
1	Austria	George Nussbaumer	"Weil's dr guat got"	Vorarlbergish	80	6
2	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Amila Glamočak	"Za našu ljubav"	Bosnian	29	21
3	Belgium	Lisa del Bo	"Liefde is een kaartspel"	Dutch	45	12
4	Switzerland	Kathy Leander	"Mon cœur l'aime"	French	67	8
5	Cyprus	Constantinos	"Mono gia mas" (Μόνο για μας)	Greek	42	15
6	Germany	Leon	"Planet of Blue"	German	24	24
7	Denmark	Dorthe Andersen and Martin Loft	"Kun med dig"	Danish	22	25
8	Estonia	Maarja-Liis Ilus and Ivo Linna	"Kaelakee hääl"	Estonian	106	5
9	Spain	Antonio Carbonell	"¡Ay, qué deseo!"	Spanish	43	14
10	Finland	Jasmine	"Niin kaunis on taivas"	Finnish	26	22
11	France	Dan Ar Braz and l'Héritage des Celtes	"Diwanit bugale"	Breton	55	11
12	United Kingdom	Gina G	"Ooh Aah... Just a Little Bit"	English	153	3
13	Greece	Marianna Efstratiou	"Emis forame to himona anixiatika" (Εμείς φοράμε το χειμώνα ανοιξιάτικα)	Greek	45	12
14	Croatia	Maja Blagdan	"Sveta ljubav"	Croatian	30	19
15	Hungary	Gjon Delhusa	"Fortuna"	Hungarian	26	23
16	Ireland	Eimear Quinn	"The Voice"	English	198	2
17	Israel	Galit Bell	"Shalom Olam" (שלום עולם)	Hebrew	12	28
18	Iceland	Anna Mjöll	"Sjúbídú"	Icelandic	59	10
19	Macedonia	Kaliopi	"Samo ti" (Само ти)	Macedonian	14	26
20	Malta	Miriam Christine	"In a Woman's Heart"	English	138	4
21	Netherlands	Maxine and Franklin Brown	"De eerste keer"	Dutch	63	9
22	Poland	Kasia Kowalska	"Chcę znać swój grzech..."	Polish	42	15
23	Portugal	Lúcia Moniz	"O meu coração não tem cor"	Portuguese	32	18
24	Romania	Monica Anghel and Sincron	"Rugă pentru pacea lumii"	Romanian	11	29
25	Russia	Andrey Kosinskiy	"Ya eto ya" (Я это я)	Russian	14	26
26	Sweden	One More Time	"Den vilda"	Swedish	227	1
27	Slovenia	Regina	"Dan najlepših sanj"	Slovene	30	19
28	Slovakia	Marcel Palonder	"Kým nás máš"	Slovak	38	17
29	Turkey	Şebnem Paker	"Beşinci Mevsim"	Turkish	69	7

Conductors

A separate musical director could be nominated by each country to lead the orchestra during their performance, with the host musical director, Frode Thingnæs, also available to conduct for those countries which did not nominate their own conductor.[27] The conductors listed below led the orchestra during the performance for the indicated countries.[28][29]

Participants and results

The contest took place on 18 May 1996 at 21:00 (CEST) and lasted 3 hours and 7 minutes.[6][28] The table below outlines the participating countries, the order in which they performed, the competing artists and songs, and the results of the voting.

The contest featured two representatives who had performed as lead artists in previous contests. Marianna Efstratiou represented Greece for the second time, having previously competed in the 1989 contest; and Elisabeth Andreassen made her fourth contest appearance, having previously competed for Sweden in 1982 as a member of the band Chips, as well as previously representing Norway twice, winning the contest in 1985 as a member of Bobbysocks! and performing with Jan Werner Danielsen in 1994.[28]

The winner was Ireland represented by the song "The Voice", written by Brendan Graham and performed by Eimear Quinn.[30] This was Ireland's seventh contest win, extending their record achieved in 1994, as well as their fourth contest win in five years following their victories in the 1992, 1993 and 1994 contests.[31] Croatia, Estonia and Portugal achieved their highest placings to date by finishing fourth, fifth and sixth respectively, while Finland finished in last place for the eighth time.[32][33][34][35]

During the announcement on the Spanish votes the Spanish spokesperson Belén Fernández de Henestrosa referred to the Netherlands as "Holland", which was misheard by Ingvild Bryn as "Poland" and which resulted in the Spanish six points being incorrectly attributed to the latter country.[9] The results of the contest were amended several months after the event to correct this, and the tables in this article present the corrected results as published by the EBU.[36]

Participants and results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1996[26][28][37]

R/O	Country	Artist	Song	Language	Points	Place
1	Turkey	Şebnem Paker	"Beşinci Mevsim"	Turkish	57	12
2	United Kingdom	Gina G	"Ooh Aah... Just a Little Bit"	English	77	8
3	Spain	Antonio Carbonell	"¡Ay, qué deseo!"	Spanish	17	20
4	Portugal	Lúcia Moniz	"O meu coração não tem cor"	Portuguese	92	6
5	Cyprus	Constantinos	"Mono gia mas" (Μόνο για μας)	Greek	72	9
6	Malta	Miriam Christine	"In a Woman's Heart"	English	68	10
7	Croatia	Maja Blagdan	"Sveta ljubav"	Croatian	98	4
8	Austria	George Nussbaumer	"Weil's dr guat got"	Vorarlbergish	68	10
9	Switzerland	Kathy Leander	"Mon cœur l'aime"	French	22	16
10	Greece	Marianna Efstratiou	"Emis forame to himona anixiatika" (Εμείς φοράμε το χειμώνα ανοιξιάτικα)	Greek	36	14
11	Estonia	Maarja-Liis Ilus and Ivo Linna	"Kaelakee hääl"	Estonian	94	5
12	Norway	Elisabeth Andreassen	"I evighet"	Norwegian	114	2
13	France	Dan Ar Braz and l'Héritage des Celtes	"Diwanit bugale"	Breton	18	19
14	Slovenia	Regina	"Dan najlepših sanj"	Slovene	16	21
15	Netherlands	Maxine and Franklin Brown	"De eerste keer"	Dutch	78	7
16	Belgium	Lisa del Bo	"Liefde is een kaartspel"	Dutch	22	16
17	Ireland	Eimear Quinn	"The Voice"	English	162	1
18	Finland	Jasmine	"Niin kaunis on taivas"	Finnish	9	23
19	Iceland	Anna Mjöll	"Sjúbídú"	Icelandic	51	13
20	Poland	Kasia Kowalska	"Chcę znać swój grzech..."	Polish	31	15
21	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Amila Glamočak	"Za našu ljubav"	Bosnian	13	22
22	Slovakia	Marcel Palonder	"Kým nás máš"	Slovak	19	18
23	Sweden	One More Time	"Den vilda"	Swedish	100	3

Detailed voting results

Jury voting was used to determine the points awarded by all countries.[36] The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in the order in which they performed, with the spokespersons announcing their country's points in English or French in ascending order.[9] The detailed breakdown of the points awarded by each country is listed in the tables below.

Qualifying round

Detailed voting results in the qualifying round[38]

		Total score	Austria	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Belgium	Switzerland	Cyprus	Germany	Denmark	Estonia	Spain	Finland	France	United Kingdom	Greece	Croatia	Hungary	Ireland	Israel	Iceland	Macedonia	Malta	Netherlands	Norway	Poland	Portugal	Romania	Russia	Sweden	Slovenia	Slovakia	Turkey
Contestants	Austria	80		6	1		6	1	2		5	2	12		6		3			10		12		5	2					7
	Bosnia and Herzegovina	29				2		3			3	1				6						2								12
	Belgium	45									8	4		7				4	6					2	4	6	2					2
	Switzerland	67	3	3	3			7		5								7			8		5	6	3	7			4			6
	Cyprus	42									4			2	12		5				5	4						4			6
	Germany	24							5				5	10					3										1
	Denmark	22		4			3										1	2			2			1			4		5
	Estonia	106	5		5	4		8	8			8	1				6			5	1		10	10	5	5	3	12	7	3
	Spain	43	2				4								4	8						8					1			4	8	4
	Finland	26				6									8				5	7
	France	55							6	8		3						5		6	10				6	4					4	3
	United Kingdom	153	10		7		10	5	7	2		7	10			1	7	8	12			3	7	8	1	10	8		12	1	5	12
	Greece	45					12				7					7			2			5						5			7
	Croatia	30	1	7				2			1										3	1						1	8	6
	Hungary	26		1			2		1	6					2	3							3				7				1
	Ireland	198	12	12	8	7	8		3	10	2	10	8	12	10		2		10	12	6		6		10	3		7	10	10	10	10
	Israel	12											3								4											5
	Iceland	59		5						7		5	6						7					12			6	8			3
	Macedonia	14														2	4			2			1							5
	Malta	138	6		10	8	7	6		1	12		4		7	10	8	6						4	7	2	12	3	6		12	7
	Netherlands	63			4	3			10				2				12	3		3	7					12	5		2
	Poland	42	7					10		3				1	1								8					10			2
	Portugal	32	4		6									6	5				1				4	3						2		1
	Romania	11						4										1				6
	Russia	14				5				4				5
	Sweden	227	8	10	12	12	1	12	12	12		12	7	8			10	12	8	8	12		12	7	12	8	10	6		8		8
	Slovenia	30			2	1			4					3		5		10		1			2					2
	Slovakia	38		2			5				6				3	12						10
	Turkey	69		8		10					10	6		4		4			4	4		7			8	1			3

12 points

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another in the qualifying round.

N.	Contestant	Nation(s) giving 12 points
10	Sweden	Belgium,  Denmark,  Estonia,  Finland,  Germany,  Ireland,  Macedonia,  Netherlands,  Poland,   Switzerland
4	Ireland	Austria,  Bosnia and Herzegovina,  Iceland,  United Kingdom
3	Malta	Romania,  Slovakia,  Spain
	United Kingdom	Israel,  Sweden,  Turkey
2	Austria	France,  Malta
	Netherlands	Hungary,  Portugal
1	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Slovenia
	Cyprus	Greece
	Estonia	Russia
	Greece	Cyprus
	Iceland	Norway
	Slovakia	Croatia

Final

Detailed voting results in the final[36][39][40]

		Total score	Turkey	United Kingdom	Spain	Portugal	Cyprus	Malta	Croatia	Austria	Switzerland	Greece	Estonia	Norway	France	Slovenia	Netherlands	Belgium	Ireland	Finland	Iceland	Poland	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Slovakia	Sweden
Contestants	Turkey	57		6	8			10	1		6				4		7	5		5			5
	United Kingdom	77	3			12	1	6	7	3	4		2		8			12	3		4			6	6
	Spain	17					2	5	4			6
	Portugal	92	5	2			12		10	1	10	5		12	5		6	6		3	10		1		4
	Cyprus	72		12	7	3		2	8	2	5	12			2				1	6				10	2
	Malta	68	10		10				12			8		1		4						6		12	5
	Croatia	98	8	4	5	10	8	7			1	1	6	7		3	5	4	6		5	2	10	5	1
	Austria	68	4			5		12				2	7		12	1			8			8	6	3
	Switzerland	22		3												2	4	2	4	4	3
	Greece	36		7			10	1			2			3			1					1		8	3
	Estonia	94		10	4		7			5				8	1	8	3		2	12	12	10			12
	Norway	114	2	8		2	3		5	8	7		5		7	10	10	8	7	7	8	4	3		10
	France	18		1		1							3	4				7		2
	Slovenia	16			1				6												1		8
	Netherlands	78	1		6	7	5			12	3		4		10	5		1	5		2	7	2		8
	Belgium	22		5	12				2				1				2
	Ireland	162	12			8	6	4		7	12	10	12	10	6	12	12	3		10		12	12	7	7
	Finland	9												2							7
	Iceland	51			3	6				6		3	8	5		6			10			3		1
	Poland	31	7				4			4		7											7	2
	Bosnia and Herzegovina	13	6					3	3											1
	Slovakia	19			2			8				4										5
	Sweden	100				4				10	8		10	6	3	7	8	10	12	8	6		4	4

12 points

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another in the final. The winning country is shown in bold.

N.	Contestant	Nation(s) giving 12 points
7	Ireland	Bosnia and Herzegovina,  Estonia,  Netherlands,  Poland,  Slovenia,   Switzerland,  Turkey
3	Estonia	Finland,  Iceland,  Sweden
2	Austria	France,  Malta
	Cyprus	Greece,  United Kingdom
	Malta	Croatia,  Slovakia
	Portugal	Cyprus,  Norway
	United Kingdom	Belgium,  Portugal
1	Belgium	Spain
	Netherlands	Austria
	Sweden	Ireland

Spokespersons

Each country nominated a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing, in English or French, the votes for their respective country.[12] As had been the case since the 1994 contest, the spokespersons were connected via satellite and appeared in vision during the broadcast, with the exception of the Norwegian spokesperson, Ragnhild Sælthun Fjørtoft, who appeared in person in the Oslo Spektrum.[8][41] Spokespersons at the 1996 contest are listed below.[9]

Broadcasts

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[14] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries

Country	Broadcaster	Channel	Commentator(s)	Ref(s)
Austria	ORF	ORF 1	Ernst Grissemann [de]	[46][47][48]
		FM4	Stermann & Grissemann	[49]
Belgium	BRTN	BRTN TV1	Michel Follet and Johan Verstreken	[50][51][52]
		BRTN Radio 2	Guy De Pré [nl] and Bart Pieters	[53]
	RTBF	RTBF1	Jean-Pierre Hautier and Sandra Kim	[54]
Bosnia and Herzegovina	RTVBiH	Unknown	Unknown	[55]
Croatia	HRT	HRT1	Unknown	[56][57]
Cyprus	CyBC	Unknown	Unknown	[58]
Estonia	ETV		Jüri Pihel [et]	[59][60]
Finland	YLE	YLE TV1	Erkki Pohjanheimo and Sanna Kojo	[60][61][62]
France	France Télévision	France 2	Olivier Minne	[47][63][64][65]
Greece	ERT	Unknown	Dafni Bokota	[66][67]
Iceland	RÚV	Sjónvarpið	Jakob Frímann Magnússon	[68][69]
Ireland	RTÉ	Unknown	Pat Kenny	[30][70]
		Unknown	Larry Gogan	[71]
Malta	PBS	TVM	Unknown	[72]
Netherlands	NOS	Nederland 2	Willem van Beusekom	[51][73]
		Radio 2	Hijlco Span	[51]
Norway	NRK	NRK	Jostein Pedersen	[74][75][76][77]
		NRK P1	Stein Dag Jensen [no] and Anita Skorgan
Poland	TVP	Unknown	Dorota Osman	[78][79]
Portugal	RTP	RTP1	Unknown	[47][80]
Slovakia	STV	Unknown	Unknown	[81]
Slovenia	RTV SLO	SLO 1 [sl]	Miša Molk	[57][82]
Spain	TVE	La Primera	José Luis Uribarri	[83][84]
Sweden	SVT	SVT2	Björn Kjellman	[45][75][85]
		SR P3	Claes-Johan Larsson and Lisa Syrén	[45]
Switzerland	SRG SSR	Schweiz 4 [de]	Sandra Studer	[47][64][86][87]
		TSR	Pierre Grandjean
		Svizzera 4 [it]	Unknown
Turkey	TRT	Unknown	Unknown	[88]
United Kingdom	BBC	BBC1	Terry Wogan	[89][90][91][92]
		BBC Radio 2	Ken Bruce

Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries

Country	Broadcaster	Channel	Commentator(s)	Ref(s)
Australia	SBS	SBS TV	Unknown	[93]
Denmark	DR	DR TV1	Jørgen de Mylius	[75][94]
Germany	ARD	N3[lower-alpha 1]	Ulf Ansorge [de]	[51][95]
Hungary	MTV	MTV 2	István Vágó	[96]

Notes and references

Notes

References

Bibliography

• O'Connor, John Kennedy (2010). The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History (2nd ed.). London: Carlton Books. ISBN 978-1-84732-521-1.
• Roxburgh, Gordon (2020). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Vol. Four: The 1990s. Prestatyn: Telos Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84583-163-9.
• Thorsson, Leif; Verhage, Martin (2006). Melodifestivalen genom tiderna : de svenska uttagningarna och internationella finalerna (in Swedish). Stockholm: Premium Publishing. ISBN 91-89136-29-2.
• Hatlestad, Silje Marie (June 2011). "Good evening Europe, this is Norway: ei innhaldsanalyse av dei tre internasjonale Eurovision Song Contestfinalane arrangert i Noreg" [A content analysis of the three international Eurovision Song Contest finals held in Norway] (PDF) (in Norwegian Nynorsk). Bergen, Norway: University of Bergen. Retrieved 8 October 2022 – via Bergen Open Research Archive. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

External links

• Official website

На других языках

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- [en] Eurovision Song Contest 1996

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[ru] Евровидение-1996

Конкурс песни Евровидение-1996 — 41-й конкурс песни «Евровидение». Он прошёл 18 мая 1996 года в Осло (Норвегия) на сцене концертного зала «Осло Спектрум». Как и в 1993 году, перед конкурсом был проведён специальный отбор, однако на этот раз в нём должны были участвовать все заинтересованные страны.

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