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Kvalifikacija za Millstreet (English: Preselection for Millstreet; French: Présélection pour Millstreet) was a televised song contest held as a qualifying round for the Eurovision Song Contest 1993. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Radiotelevizija Slovenija (RTV SLO), the contest was held on 3 April 1993 in Studio 1 of Televizija Slovenija in Ljubljana, Slovenia and presented by Slovenian television presenter Tajda Lekše [sl].

Kvalifikacija za Millstreet
Dates
Final	3 April 1993
Host
Venue	TV SLO Studio 1, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Presenter(s)	Tajda Lekše
Musical director	Petar Ugrin Mojmir Sepe
Directed by	Peter Juratovec
Executive supervisor	Frank Naef
Executive producer	Edo Brzin
Host broadcaster	Radiotelevizija Slovenija (RTV SLO)
Participants
Number of entries	7
Vote
Voting system	One juror from each country awarded 12, 10, 8–5 points to each song

The contest was organised with the purpose of reducing the number of competing countries in the Eurovision Song Contest as a result of increased interest in participation among countries following the fall of communist regimes in Europe and the formation of new countries due to the breakup of Yugoslavia and dissolution of the Soviet Union. Three places in the 1993 Eurovision Song Contest, held on 15 May in Millstreet, Ireland, were provided for countries which had never taken part before, and seven countries ultimately sent entries to be performed and voted on in the televised contest in Slovenia.

One juror from each of the competing countries voted on the competing entries, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Slovenia were chosen to progress to the contest in Millstreet. A relegation system was introduced to the Eurovision Song Contest, which allowed new countries direct access to the contest in future editions to replace the lowest-scoring countries from the previous year's event. Estonia, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia, the countries which failed to progress through Kvalifikacija za Millstreet, subsequently made their contest debuts in 1994.

Background

The Eurovision Song Contest is an internationally televised songwriting competition organised annually by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and featuring participants representing primarily European countries. Each participating country submits an original song to be performed by a chosen artist, with competing countries then casting votes for the other countries' songs to determine a winner.[1] Originally held in 1956 with seven competing countries, the contest quickly began to grow as more countries became interested in participating, and by the early 1990s entries from over 20 countries were regularly featured in each year's event.[2][3][4]

By 1992 an increasing number of countries had begun expressing an interest in participating in the contest for the first time; this increase in interest was the result of many new countries being formed following the breakup of Yugoslavia and dissolution of the Soviet Union and as part of revolutions leading to the fall of communist regimes in Europe and across the world which took place in the late 1980s and early 1990s.[5][6] To accommodate this new interest the EBU expanded the maximum number of participating countries for the 1993 contest to twenty-five, with entries from three new countries being joined by twenty-two of the twenty-three countries which had participated in the 1992 event, with Yugoslavia unable to participate after its EBU member broadcaster Jugoslovenska radiotelevizija (JRT) was dissolved.[4][7]

In order to determine which countries would progress to the contest proper, a preselection round was held for the first time in the contest's history, with the top three countries in this round progressing to compete in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 held in Millstreet, Ireland. This contest, Kvalifikacija za Millstreet, took place in Ljubljana, Slovenia and was produced by the Slovenian public broadcaster Radiotelevizija Slovenija (RTV SLO).[5][6][7] The show was held in Studio 1 of Televizija Slovenija, with Edo Brzin serving as executive producer, Peter Juratovec serving as director, Jože Spacal serving as designer, Petar Ugrin [sl] and Mojmir Sepe serving as musical directors and leading the RTV SLO Revue Orchestra [sl], and Tajda Lekše [sl] serving as presenter.[8][9]

Participating countries

Initially broadcasters in thirteen countries registered their interest in competing in the Eurovision Song Contest's first preselection event, including broadcasters in Belarus, the Czech Republic, Latvia and Russia. By February 1993 however the number of competing countries had dropped to six, comprising planned entries from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia. Subsequently Bulgaria's planned entry did not materialise, however Estonia and Slovakia joined the contest, resulting in seven countries competing in total for the three spots available in Millstreet.[6]

Conductors

A separate musical director could be nominated by each country to conduct the orchestra during their performance. The conductors listed below led the orchestra during the performance for the indicated countries.[10][11]

Participants and results

Kvalifikacija za Millstreet took place on 3 April 1993.[11] The table below outlines the participating countries, the order in which they performed, the competing artists and songs, and the results of the voting.

The three countries which received the most votes once all countries had voted, and thus progressed to the Eurovision Song Contest 1993, were Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia.[5][7][11] As former constituent republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, all three countries had previously been represented in the Eurovision Song Contest through entries sent by Yugoslavia.[12] Estonia, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia, which failed to progress through Kvalifikacija za Millstreet, made their contest debuts the following year, following the introduction of a relegation system for the 1994 contest which resulted in the seven lowest-scoring countries from the 1993 contest losing the right to participate in the following year's event to make room for new countries.[5][13]

Participants and results of Kvalifikacija za Millstreet[11][14][15]

R/O	Country	Artist	Song	Language	Points	Place
1	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Fazla	"Sva bol svijeta"	Bosnian	52	2
2	Croatia	Put	"Don't Ever Cry"	Croatian, English	51	3
3	Estonia	Janika Sillamaa	"Muretut meelt ja südametuld"	Estonian	47	5
4	Hungary	Andrea Szulák [hu]	"Árva reggel"	Hungarian	44	6
5	Romania	Dida Drăgan	"Nu pleca"	Romanian	38	7
6	Slovenia	1X Band	"Tih deževen dan"	Slovene	54	1
7	Slovakia	Elán	"Amnestia na neveru"	Slovak	50	4

Detailed voting results

Jury voting was used to determine the points awarded by all countries. As telephone communications could not be relied upon to reach juries based in the competing countries, one juror from each country was sent to Slovenia in order to provide votes for their respective country. These jurors was based in the studio and announced their votes live and on camera during the voting segment. Each juror awarded twelve points to their favourite entry, followed by ten points to their second favourite, and then awarded points in decreasing value from eight to five for the remaining songs, excluding the entry from their own country.[9][11] The respective jurors from each country and the detailed breakdown of the points awarded is listed in the tables below.[11]

Jurors

Detailed voting results of Kvalifikacija za Millstreet[11]

		Total score	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Croatia	Estonia	Hungary	Romania	Slovenia	Slovakia
Contestants	Bosnia and Herzegovina	52		5	8	10	10	7	12
	Croatia	51	10		6	12	7	8	8
	Estonia	47	6	8		8	6	12	7
	Hungary	44	7	6	12		8	6	5
	Romania	38	5	12	5	5		5	6
	Slovenia	54	8	7	10	7	12		10
	Slovakia	50	12	10	7	6	5	10

Broadcasts

The contest was broadcast via the EBU's Eurovision network, with EBU member broadcasters able to relay the contest via their broadcast channels. Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[16] The broadcast was taken by all competing countries, as well as by broadcasters in Cyprus, Denmark, Portugal and Spain.[6] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries

Country	Broadcaster	Channel	Commentator(s)	Ref(s)
Bosnia and Herzegovina	RTVBiH	Unknown	Unknown	[6]
Croatia	HRT	HRT 1	Aleksandar Kostadinov	[9][17]
Estonia	ETV		Olavi Pihlamägi [et]	[9][18]
Hungary	MTV	MTV1	István Vágó	[9][19]
Romania	TVR	TVR 1	Unknown	[20]
Slovakia	STV	STV2	Unknown	[19]
Slovenia	RTV SLO	SLO 1 [sl]	Gregor Krajc	[9][21]

Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries

Country	Broadcaster	Channel	Commentator(s)	Ref(s)
Denmark	DR[lower-alpha 1]	DR TV	Unknown	[22]

Notes and references

Notes

References

Bibliography

• O'Connor, John Kennedy (2010). The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History (2nd ed.). London: Carlton Books. ISBN 978-1-84732-521-1.
• Roxburgh, Gordon (2020). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Vol. Four: The 1990s. Prestatyn: Telos Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84583-163-9.

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